Unable to cajole or buy support from the Washington Teachers Union, D.C. schools chief Michelle Rhee now says her version of education reform can be done with teachers—or to them. Contract talks screeched to a halt this fall when teachers indicated they would vote down a privately funded plan. It would have created two-tiered wages and traded tenure protections for merit pay based on high-stakes tests.
With mayoral support, Rhee is moving on to her “Plan B,” seeking federal emergency legislation to empower the city to bypass collective bargaining and expand non-union charter schools. The alternative plan includes a newly devised teacher evaluation and resurrects a rarely enforced contract provision allowing administrators to give teachers expedited evaluations.
Teachers would be monitored by their school administrator and, if funds are available, assigned a helping teacher during the evaluation period. After 90 days, an administrator can recommend termination. Parts of the proposed Plan B have already gone into effect. Union members report that the city is requiring D.C. principals to place a quota of teachers on 90-day evaluation plans by December 5. This is the first time in years that principals are being told to observe teachers en masse.
Rhee’s slash-and-burn management style has already laid waste to job security in the district. Central office employees have been reduced to at-will status while school principals are tossed out without explanation. Seventy-eight probationary teachers have been fired despite positive performance appraisals, and hundreds more nearly certified provisional teachers have been terminated and replaced by uncertified substitutes. “The chancellor’s one-dimensional approach to school improvement, simply firing employees, is not working and has created an environment of advantage- taking,” said Nathan Saunders, WTU vice president. Rhee signed an agreement with WTU President George Parker at the end of last school year that fired 600 teachers and forced them to re-apply for their jobs because of budget cuts.
When Calvin Coolidge Senior High failed to make progress on testing, the district reconstituted the school in June. Fourteen-year veteran Harold Cox was let go, despite receiving praise from his principal as the school’s finest teacher a year prior. Cox and others had to reapply for their jobs and those hired were required to agree to an extended workday, a violation of union rules. “The principal converted around 20 positions held by veteran teachers and replaced them with first- or second-year teachers,” Cox said. “That is almost a 50 percent savings for his school budget and to me that is the bottom line, not student achievement.”
The tenure fight in D.C. has national implications, as Rhee continues to lobby Congress for emergency legislation. The national American Federation of Teachers union is putting boots on the ground to bring resources to WTU’s contract fight—and to signal shifts in the union’s stance.
AFT President Randi Weingarten recently spoke before a group of union leaders and education policymakers on seniority, tenure, and merit pay, stating that no reforms should be off the table as long as they are both good for students and fair to teachers. Much energy has been spent trying to figure out what this will mean in D.C., but after months of deadlock, district teachers are open to the support.
The AFT and the WTU are developing an alternate offer to rein in Rhee’s attack on tenure and create provisions for supporting teachers in the classroom. If their last-and-best proposal fails to break the stalemate, some union members are considering a planned “sickout” in early 2009.
Candi Peterson is a WTU building representative.